Abdullah bin Saud
Abdullah bin Saud suceeded his father
Saud bin Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad al Saud in
1814 and ruled until
1818. While the House of Saud had many sucesses under Saud, they had also managed to get into a war with the
Ottoman Empire. As such, Abdullah was almost immediatly faced with the prospect of having to face an army under the command of
Muhammad Ali. Ali's forces quickly retook
Mecca and
Madinah. The Saudi forces were heavily outnumbered and outequipped, so they retreated to the
Nejd. However, Ali followed them there and laid seige to the traditional Saudi capital of Al'Dariyah for two years, finally taking it in
1818. This brought the downfall of the First Saudi State and saw the Ottomans reintroducing their influence into Arabia with the building of numerous garrisons.