Arthur was born to Henry and his queen, Elizabeth of York, at Winchester in September 19 or 20, 1486, but was never a robust child. The hopes of the newly-established Tudor dynasty were nevertheless pinned on him. He was Duke of Cornwall from birth, and was created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester on November 29, 1489.
Arthur was buried in Worcester Cathedral; the memorial to him, `Prince Arthur's Chantry', was erected in the cathedral in 1504. His younger brother, Henry, inherited his titles, eventually acceding to the throne as King Henry VIII of England. In due course, a papal dispensation was obtained, enabling Henry to marry his brother's widow, Catherine. The grounds cited for their eventual divorce was the circumstances of her previous marriage to Arthur.
Additional Reading
Antonia Fraser, The Six Wives of Henry VIII (ISBN 0749314095)