Commission-based compensation encourages risk taking among messengers, who are encumbered by lack of medical benefits and job security. Not until 1994 did the Teamsters Union launch a campaign to organize messengers. In the '90s fax machiness and modems began to cut into the bike messenger business. In the mid-1980s, Manhattan, New York had 7,000 bike messengers to navigate its crowded streets; by 1994, that number had shrunk to 2,000. Average earnings reportedly fell from $600 to $300 a week.
MTV's hit series The Real World: San Francisco was characterized by the presence of what some described as repulsive yet compelling bike messenger Puck.