It is a continuation of the axillary artery, and it starts and the lower margin of teres major and continues down the arm, until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then ends by dividing into the radial and ulna arteries which run down the forearm.
The brachial artery has smaller branches along it. These supply the muscles of the upper arm, such as biceps brachii and triceps brachii.
The cords of the brachial plexus are named by their positional relationship to the brachial artery.