One has to make a distinction between Manglish and the English spoken by Malaysians speaking so-called proper English.
While there are still certain peculiarities in the latter (especially in terms of intonation, accent and choice of words), proper Malaysian English is merely a normal variation in the way English is spoken and does not deviate significantly from common English. It is intelligible to most English-speaking peoples around the world.
Pure Manglish however can be likened to pidgin English, and it is usually barely understandable to most speakers of English (except Singaporeans who also speak a similar patois known as Singlish).
In this article, Manglish will be used to refer to the patois, and proper will be used to refer to the variation of English that is spoken by Malaysians speaking "proper" English.
proper: Despite officially being based on British English, Malaysian English is strongly influenced by American English. This can be commonly seen in web based media and documents produced within organisations. Typically, the writer is unaware of the differences between British and American English, and just uses the default settings on their installed software spellchecker. For example, centre (British) is typically spelt center (American), although colour and color are used interchangeably.
In schools and in the print media, Malaysians default to spelling the British way:
"vapour" instead of "vapor"
"organise" instead of "organize"
Manglish: Manglish does not possess a standard written for, although many variations exist for transcribing certain words. For most purposes it is a spoken tongue.
Manglish: Much of Manglish grammatical structure is taken from Chinese dialects. Many also claim the structures have also been borrowed from the Malay language, but the amount of borrowing from Malay dwarves in comparison to the borrowing from Chinese.
Consider this phrase:
"Why you so like that one?"
In normal English, it means: "Why are you behaving like that?".
In Cantonese, a similar phrase would be rendered:
"tim kai lei kum keh?"
Literally: "why you like that"
In Malay, a similar phrase can be given, i.e. "Kenapa engkau macam itu?" but it would not sound very natural.
Note: The "one" in the sample phrase does not literally mean the numeral one, but is used more as a suffix device.
Spelling
Grammar
Punctuation
Vocabulary
Malaysian | British |
Handphone (often abbreviated to HP) | Mobile phone |
KIV (keep in view) | Kept on file, held for further consideration |
Outstation | Means both 'out of town' and/or 'overseas/abroad'. |
MC (medical certificate) | An absence from work due to a medical condition. Often used in this context, e.g. 'He is on MC today' |
Can | Yes |
Cannot | No |
One hundred over, one thousand over etc. | Over one hundred, over one thousand etc. |
Lah | An optional suffix to phrases and sentences as in "cannnot, lah", i.e. "Sorry that's not possible." |
Words or phrases which have one meaning in British English and another in Malaysian English
Word / Phrase | British meaning | Malaysian meaning |
@ | short for 'at' | an indicator that the name following is a nickname, usually used by Chinese, e.g. for Tan Siew Khoon @ Jimmy, his nickname is Jimmy |
driver | anybody who drives / is driving | a personal chauffeur / odd job man, often sent on errands |
last time | on the previous occurrence | previously |
slippers | Shoes worn in the bedroom, or before going to bed, often with lots of furry coating | Shoes that do not fully enclose the foot, worn outside (flip flops) |
Often the last syllable of an word is not pronounced with the strength
that it would be in British English.
Also, 'p' and 'f' are sometimes pronounced somewhat similarly among speakers of Malay descent. For example, the two Malay names 'Fazlin' and 'Pazli' may sound almost identical when spoken by Malays, whereas this confusion would not arise when spoken by a British Speaker.
Pronunciation
Miscellaneous
External Links