Catharina was born in St. Petersburg, Russia to King Friedrich I von Württemberg and Princess Auguste Caroline Friederike Luise von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.
She was Jerome Bonaparte's second wife, married on August 22, 1807 in the Royal Palace at Fontainebleau, France.
Catharina died in Lausanne, Switzerland.
The daughter of Jerome Bonaparte and Catharina of Württemberg, the princess Mathilde Bonaparte, 1820-1904, was prominent during and after the Second Empire as hostess to men of arts and letters.