The Church of Sweden, or Svenska kyrkan, is the national church of Sweden. Until 2000 it also had a position as state church.
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History
The Church was established in the 16th century when Sweden broke away from the Catholic Church and became a Lutheran Church. Protestant Reformation in Sweden was led by King Gustav Vasa assisted by clergymen, primarily the brothers Olaus Petri, and Laurentius Petri in Sweden, and Mikael Agricola, in Finland. An important part of the reformation was the transition from Latin to the domestic language to be used in church services and in translation of the Bible. Because of this the reformers, Olaus Petri and Agricola, also had an instrumental importance for the develoment of Swedish and Finnish as written languages.
By the Treaty of Fredrikshamn in 1809, which followed the Finnish War, Sweden ceded Finland to the Russian Empire and the Church of Finland became the successor to the Church of Sweden in Finland.
Present
The head of the Swedish Church is the Archbishop of Uppsala. As a state church, and during the 20th century, bishops were nominated by a conclave of clerics and then formally appointed by the Government of Sweden, ultimately depending on legislation by the Parliament of Sweden. In 2000 when the Church was separated from the state, a new body, the Church Assembly, or Kyrkomötet, was created to fulfill the role previously held by the national parliament. Members of the Church Assembly as well as local Parish Councils are appointed in elections held every three years among church members.
The Church describes itself in the following manner: