Dauphin
The
Dauphin was the
heir apparent to the throne of
France under the
Valois and
Bourbon dynasties.
Guy VIII, Count of Vienne, had a dolphin on his coat of arms and had been nicknamed le Dauphin (French for dolphin). This title descended in his family till 1349, when Humbert II sold his seigneurie, called the Dauphiné, to King Philippe VI on condition that the heir of France assumed the title of le Dauphin.
The first French prince called le Dauphin was Jean II, who succeeded Philippe. The last was the Duc d'Angoulême, son of Charles X, who renounced the title in 1830.
List of Dauphins, 1349-1830
- Charles (future Charles V of France) 1349-1364
- Charles (future Charles VI of France) 1368-1380
- Charles 1389
- Charles 1392-1401
- Louis, Duc de Guyenne 1401-1415
- Jean, Duc de Touraine 1415-1417
- Charles (future Charles VII of France) 1417-1422
- Louis (future Louis XI of France) 1423-1461
- Charles (future Charles VIII of France) 1470-1483
- Charles-Orland 1492-1495
- Charles 1496
- François 1497-1498
- François, Duc de Bretagne 1518-1536
- Henri, formerly Duc d'Orléans (future Henry II of France) 1536-1547
- François (future Francis II of France) 1547-1559
- Louis (future Louis XIII of France) 1601-1610
- Louis (future Louis XIV of France) 1638-1643
- Louis, le Grand Dauphin 1661-1711
- Louis, Duc de Bourgogne, le Petit Dauphin 1711-1712
- Louis, Duc de Bretagne 1712
- Louis (future Louis XV of France) 1712-1715
- Louis 1729-1765
- Louis-Auguste, formerly Duc de Berry (future Louis XVI of France) 1765-1774
- Louis-Joseph 1781-1789
- Louis-Charles, Duc de Normandie (future titular Louis XVII of France) 1789-1791 (in 1791 his title was changed to "Prince Royal")
- Louis-Antoine, Duc d'Angoulême (future titular Louis XIX of France) 1824-1830
Dauphin is also the name of a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département, in France