The district has several distinct historic neighborhoods, which include Georgetown, Tenleytown, Capitol Hill, Anacostia, and Congress Heights. Out of these neighborhoods, Georgetown was originally an incorporated city of the State of Maryland.
The District of Columbia originally also included land from the State of Virginia, but this land was returned in 1846. This land in Virginia makes up the modern cities of Arlington and the old part of Alexandria, Virginia, both which are suburbs of Washington. In fact, the Arlington National Cemetery and the Pentagon complex are both located in Arlington but are largely tied to the federal government in Washington. Between 1790 and 1846, Alexandria was referred to as "Alexandria, D.C."
The Georgetown neighborhood was originally part of Maryland and was the only significant population in the area that would become the District of Columbia. Georgetown became part of D.C. in 1790 when the Federal City was first created, but Georgetown remained an independent city, referred to as "Georgetown, D.C.", until 1871.
The monumental core of the city consists of the National Mall and many key federal buildings, monuments, and museums, including the Washington Monument, Lincoln Memorial, and the National Air and Space Museum. Its layout is based on that proposed by the McMillan Commission report in 1902.
Tenleytown is a historic name for a general area of northwest D.C. In 1790, the area was called Tennally's Town, named after resident John Tennally and his tavern. The area became known as Tenleytown in the 19th century, although the spelling Tennallytown was also in use for some time, as photographs of streetcars will attest. Tenleytown is the second oldest neighborhood in D.C., being surpassed in age only by Georgetown.
Anacostia makes up much of the southeast corner of the District south of the Anacostia River, which the area is named after. "Anacostia" comes from the Nanchotank Indian word anaquash, which means "village trading post". Frederick Douglass built his homestead in Anacostia and lived there until he died.
The physical geography of the District of Columbia is very similar to the physical geography of much of Maryland. The District has three natural flowing bodies of water: the Potomac River, the Anacostia River, and Rock Creek. Both Anacostia River and Rock Creek are tributaries of the Potomac. There are also two man-made reservoirs: Dalecarlia Reservoir, which crosses over the northwest border of the District from Maryland, and McMillan Reservoir near Howard University.
The highest point in the District of Columbia is 410 feet (125 m) above sea level at Tenleytown. The lowest point is 1 foot, which occurs at least as far up the Potomac River as 0.35 miles (0.57 km) upstream from the terminus of Rock Creek.History
Physical Geography
| Ward 1 | |
|---|---|
| Adams Morgan | Mount Pleasant |
| Columbia Heights | Pleasant Plains |
| Howard University | U Street/Cardozo |
| Kalorama Heights | |
| Lanier Heights | |
| Le Droit Park |
| Ward 2 | |
|---|---|
| Burleith/Hillandale | Mount Vernon Square |
| Dupont Circle | Shaw/Logan Circle |
| Foggy Bottom | China Town |
| Fort McNair | Southwest-Waterfront |
| Georgetown | West End |
| GW-University |
| Ward 3 | |
|---|---|
| American University Park | Massachusetts Heights |
| Cathedral Heights | McLean Gardens |
| Chevy Chase (not city in MD) | North Cleveland Park |
| Cleveland Park | Palisades |
| Forest Hills | Pinehurst Circle |
| Foxhall | Spring Valley |
| Friendship Heights | Tenleytown |
| Glover Park | Wesley Heights |
| Hawthorne | Woodley Park |
| Ward 4 | |
|---|---|
| Barnaby Woods | Manor Park |
| Brightwood | Petworth |
| Brightwood Park | Queens Chapel [1] |
| Colonial Village | Rock Creek Gardens |
| Crestwood | Shepherd Park |
| Fort Totten [1] | Takoma |
| Lamond Riggs [1] |
| Ward 5 | |
|---|---|
| Arboretum | Ivy City |
| Bloomingdale | Lamond Riggs [2] |
| Brookland | Michigan Par |
| Carver Langston | North Michigan Park |
| Eckington | Pleasant Hills |
| Edgewood | Queens Chapel [2] |
| Fort Lincoln | South Central |
| Fort Totten [2] | Trinidad |
| Gateway | Woodridge |
| Ward 6 | |
|---|---|
| Capitol Hill | Sursum Corda |
| Kingman Park | Stanton Park |
| Lincoln Park | Union Station |
| Navy Yard | |
| Southeast | |
| Southwest |
| Ward 7 | |
|---|---|
| Benning Heights | Hillbrook |
| Burrville | Hillcrest |
| Capital View | Kenilworth |
| Deanwood | Lincoln Heights |
| Eastland Gardens | Mahaning Heights |
| Fairfax Village | Marshall Heights |
| Fairlawn | Mayfair |
| Fairmont Heights | Naylor Gardens |
| Fort Davis Park | Penn Branch |
| Fort Dupont Park | Randle Highlands |
| Good Hope | River Terrace |
| Grant Park | Summit Park |
| Greenway | Twining |
| Ward 8 | |
|---|---|
| Anacostia | Garfield Heights |
| Barry Farm | Knox Hill |
| Bellview | Sheridan |
| Buena Vista | Shipley Terrace |
| Congress Heights | Washington Highlands |
| Douglass | Woodland |
| Fair Lawn |