Dynamo Open Air Festival
The Dynamo Open Air Festival (
D.O.A.F.) is an annual music
festival that first took place in
1986 (see
1986 in music). The event had its beginnings at the Dynamo nightclub in
Eindhoven in the
Netherlands, when the
heavy metal band, Raven played there on
28 November 1981 (see
1981 in music) to a sellout crowd. Come
1986, the organisers decided to set up a stage in the nearby carpark and attracted an estimated crowd of 7000 people. The bands that played that year included Satan, Angelwitch and Onslaught. Despite problems with the P.A. system, and the fact that the stage verged on collapsing, the event was heralded as a great success. The following year, the only major change that was made in setting up the second D.O.A.F. was the date. Because of the weather in Holland it seemed safer to move the festival to early summer instead of September. Despite this precaution, it rained throughout the day of the festival.
In order to compete with the growing trend of European music festivals, D.O.A.F. has grown much over the years, employing a larger number of stages and bands. Many famous names have played there, including Slayer, Venom, Type O Negative, Machine Head, Korn, Marilyn Manson, Savatage, Dog Eat Dog, Danzig, Life Of Agony, Fudge Tunnel, Biohazard, Monster Magnet, Kyuss, and Fear Factory.
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