Electrophilic substitution reaction
An
aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction is a
chemical reaction in which the
aromatic ring has a planar structure with a closed
conjugation. It has pi-electrons which are mobile.
When the electrophile approaches the aromatic ring, the electrons are displaced. The structure gets charged due to electromeric/mesomeric effect.
This leads to the formation of a pi-complex.
Formation of a complex is followed by the formation of Sigma Complex. The Sigma Complex is stable due to resonance taking place.
The Attacking Groups can be classified as:
- Activating Groups