Fourteen Holy Helpers
The
Fourteen Holy Helpers are a group of
saints formerly
venerated together in
Roman Catholicism because prayer to them was thought to be particularly effective, especially against various
diseases. This
cult originated in the
thirteenth century, largely as a result of the
epidemic (probably of
bubonic plague) that became known as the
Black Death.
The saints included were:
- Achatius, invoked against headache
- Barbara, against fever and sudden death
- Blaise, against illness of the throat
- Catherine of Alexandria, against sudden death
- Christopher, against bubonic plague
- Cyriacus, against temptation on the death-bed
- Denis, against headache
- Erasmus, against intestinal ailments
- Eustachius, against family discord
- George, for the health of domestic animals
- Giles, against plague, for a good confession
- Margaret of Antioch, for childbirth
- Pantaleon, for physicians
- Vitus, against epilepsy
For one or another of the saints in the original set,
Anthony the Anchorite, Leonard,
Nicholas,
Sebastian, or Roch were sometimes substituted.
Later history has not been kind to all of the saints named to this list. Barbara, Catherine of Alexandria, Christopher, George, and Margaret of Antioch have all been dropped from the list of saints for universal veneration in the reform of the Roman Catholic liturgy in 1969, on the grounds that they were mythical. The Fourteen Holy Helpers had a collective feast day on August 8; with so many holes in the lineup, it too was dropped in 1969.