Free verse
Free verse (or
vers libre) is a style of
poetry which is based on cadences that are more irregular than those of traditional poetic meter. While the basic rhythmic unit of most traditional poetic forms is the
foot, free verse tends to use longer units, such as the
line or
stanza.
Free verse may or may not use
rhyme. When it is used, it tends to follow a looser pattern than would be expected in formal verse.
The practice of poets who write in free verse was well described by
Ezra Pound, who wrote: "As regarding rhythm: to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in sequence of a
metronome." Pound's friend
T. S. Eliot wrote: "No verse is free for the man who wants to do a good job."
As the name
vers libre suggests, this technique of using more irregular cadences is often said to derive from the practices of 19th century French poets like
Stéphane Mallarmé. However, in English it can be traced back at least as far as the King James Bible.
Many
formalist poets find free verse to be aesthetically useless, or, at the least, less capable of expression. One such poet,
Robert Frost, said that writing free verse was like "playing tennis without a net".