In 1958 he started writing 'El Eternauta', probably his most popular work, with artwork by Francisco Solano Lopez.
In 1968 he wrote a biography of Ernesto 'Che' Guevara. During 1970's military government in Argentina, Oesterheld joined a guerilla group known as 'Montoneros'. In 1977 he and his four daughters were arrested and never seen again.
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