He was born at Stirling Castle and became Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick and Lord of the Isles immediately on his birth. Following his father's accession to the throne of England in 1603, he was made Duke of Cornwall and was invested Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester in 1610, thus bringing together the Scottish and English titles traditionally held by male heirs to the throne ever since that date.
Henry showed great promise, and his death from typhoid at the age of eighteen was regarded as a tragedy for the nation. His titles were inherited by his younger brother, Charles, who until then had lived in Henry's shadow. He was buried in Westminster Abbey.
His name survives in the name of Prince Henry's High School in the town of Evesham in Worcestershire, England.
Others to have held this title are: