When the Titanic collided with an iceberg on April 14, 1912, Phillips remained at his post broadcasting the then international distress signal CQD. On the suggestion of the Captain Edward Smith, he switched to the new code SOS at 12:45 am, the first time this was ever used. Phillips remained at his post diligently transmitting the distress signal and went down with the ship.
The Phillips Memorial Cloister in Godalming was designed by Gertrude Jekyll to commemorate his bravery.