McCloy graduated from Harvard Law School in 1921. He was a legal counselor to I. G. Farben, and was the Assistant Secretary of War from 1941 to 1945, during which he was noted for opposing the nuclear bombing of Japan[1].
Later, he became the president of the World Bank, from 1947 to 1949, and U.S. high commissioner for Germany in 1949 and 1950; he oversaw Germany's return to statehood, and released Fritz Thyssen, Hjalmar Schacht, Friedrich Flick, and Alfred and Gustav Krupp. Following this, he served as chairman of the Chase Manhattan Bank from 1953 to 1960, and Ford Foundation chair from 1958 to 1965; he later served as advisor to John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan. He served on the Warren Commission, and was the primary negotiator on the U.S. president's Disarmament Committee.
A name partner in the law firm Milbank Tweed Hadley & McCloy, he was sometimes called "the head of the Establishment".
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