He was a moderate of Guatemala's Liberal Party, who worked to solidify the less controvercial of the reforms of late president Justo Rufino Barrios. The power of the land owners over the rural peasantry increased during his presidency. He oversaw rebuilding of parts of Guatemala City on a grander scale, with some wide avenues built on the model of those of Paris. He oversaw Guatemala hosting the first Central American Exposition in 1897. He printed paper currency to fund his ambitious plans, resulting in monetary inflation and rise of popular opposition to his regeme.
José María Reina Barrios died by assassination. He was succeeded as President by Manuel José Estrada Cabrera.
See also: History of Guatemala