Key West is a city located in Monroe County, Florida. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 25,478. It is the county seat of Monroe County6.
The city of Key West is on Key West island in the Florida Keys.
In Pre-Columbian times Key West was inhabited by the Calusas people. The first European to visit was Ponce de Leon in 1521. As Florida became a Spanish colony, a fishing and salvage village with a small garrison was established here.
The name "Key West" is derived from a "false friend" anglicization of the Spanish language name of the island, Cayo Hueso, meaning "Bone Island".
In 1763 when Great Britain took control of Florida, the community of Spaniards and Native Americans were moved to Havana.
Florida returned to Spanish control 20 years later, but there was no official resettlement of the island. Informally the island was used by fishermen from Cuba and from the British Bahamas, who were later joined by others from the United States after that last nation's independence. While claimed by Spain, no nation exersized de facto control over the community there for some time.
In 1815 the Spanish governor in Havana deeded the island of Key West to Juan Pablo Salas of Saint Augustine, Florida. After Florida was transferred to the United States, Salas sold the island to US businessman John Simonton for $2,000 in 1821. Simonton divided the island into plots and sold some of them. There was already a town on a part of the island, with the inhabitants recognizing the authority of no nation. Simonton lobbied the U.S. Government to establish a naval base on the island, both to take advantage of the island's strategic location and to bring law and order to the town. In 1823 Commodore David Porter of the United States Navy West Indies Anti-Pirate Squadron took charge of Key West, which he ruled (according to some, exceeding his authority) as military dictator under martial law.
Major industries in Key West in the early 19th century included fishing, salt production, and most famously salvage. A number of the inhabitants worked salvaging ship wrecks from nearby Florida reefs, and the town was noted for the unusually high concentration of fine furniture and chandeliers which the locals used in their own homes after salvaging them from wrecks.
During the American Civil War, while Florida joined the Confederate States of America, Key West remained in US hands thanks to the Naval base.
In the late 19th century salt and salvage declined as industries, but Key West gained a thriving cigar making industry.
Many Cubans moved to Key West during Cuba's unsuccessful war for independence in the 1860s and 1870s.
Key West was the last of the series of Keys connected to the Florida mainland by a series of railroad bridges completed in 1912. In 1935 a hurricane destroyed some of the railroad bridges. The United States Federal Government then rebuilt the rail-ines as an automobile highway, completed in 1938, which became an extension of United States Highway 1. The portion of US-1 through the Keys is called the "Overseas Highway". Because Key West can be accessed by land, the southern point of the island is marked as the southernmost point of land on the United States mainland.
Ernest Hemingway lived in Key West for many years.
In the 1980s Key West briefly declared its independence as a protest over a Federal roadblock of the Overseas Highway; see: Conch Republic.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.2 km² (7.4 mi²). 15.4 km² (5.9 mi²) of it is land and 3.8 km² (1.5 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 19.73% water.
There are 11,016 households out of which 19.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.7% are married couples living together, 8.2% have a female householder with no husband present, and 50.4% are non-families. 31.4% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.23 and the average family size is 2.84.
In the city the population is spread out with 16.0% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 37.1% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 39 years. For every 100 females there are 122.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 126.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $43,021, and the median income for a family is $50,895. Males have a median income of $30,967 versus $25,407 for females. The per capita income for the city is $26,316. 10.2% of the population and 5.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 11.5% are under the age of 18 and 11.3% are 65 or older.
History
Geography
Key West is located at 24°33'33" North, 81°47'3" West (24.559166, -81.784031)1. The maximim elevation above sea level is about 16 feet. Key West Island is about 4 miles long and 2 miles wide; since the late 20th century it has been artificially expanded to the north.Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 25,478 people, 11,016 households, and 5,463 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,653.3/km² (4,285.0/mi²). There are 13,306 housing units at an average density of 863.4/km² (2,237.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 84.94% White, 9.28% African American, 0.39% Native American, 1.29% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.86% from other races, and 2.18% from two or more races. 16.54% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.Related Links