It was originally raised by Octavian and stationed in Spain. After the destruction of Varus' legions in 9 AD, II Augusta moved to Germany, possibly in the area of Mainz. After 17 AD it was at Argentorate (modern Strasbourg).
The legion participated in the Roman invasion of Britain in 43. From 66 to around 74 it was stationed at Glevum (modern Gloucester), and then moved to Isca Silurum (probably modern Caerleon), building a stone fortress that the soldiers occupied until the end of the 3rd century.
See also: List of Roman legions
The name is now used by a group of re-creators; see [1].