After service in numerous regional armies, Liu joined the faculty of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924 and became a field commander during the Northern Expedition. He was instrumental in suppressing the coup of 1929-30, and expanding KMT military power throughout the 1930s. During WWII he organized the Nationalist government retreat to Chongqing and commanded the wartime capital defenses. Liu’s anti-Communist forces were routed by the armies of Liu Bocheng and Chen Yi in the epic Huai-hai campaigns of 1948 and 1949. Liu later served in the ROC government after the retreat to Taiwan.
See also: History of the Republic of China
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