From this assumption, the following consequences can be derived about the perspective of an event in two reference frames, S and S', where S' is traveling at a relative speed of u to S.
Two reference frames S and S', with S' traveling at a relative speed of u to S; an event has space-time coordinates of (x,y,z,t) in S and (x',y',z',t') in S'.
The space-time coordinates of an event in Galilean-Newtonian relativity are governed by the set of formulas which defines a group transformation known as the Galilean transformation:
Assuming time is considered an absolute in all reference frames, the relationship between space-time coordinates in reference frames differing by a relative speed of u in the x direction (let x = ut when x' = 0) is:
Mathematically, if we define the velocity of the second reference frame in our previous discussion above as the vector u = ux (x being the x-dimensional unit vector), following the above formulas gives us:
See also: special relativity.
Velocity
In pre-Einstein relativity velocities are directly additive and subtractive. For example, if one car traveling at 60 km/h passes another car traveling at 50 km/h, from the perspective of the car it passes it is traveling at 60-50 = 10 km/h.
as we would expect.