In traditional cartoon animation, the individual framess of a movie were initially drawn on thin paper. The animators (mostly inbetweeners) would put the 'previous' drawing exactly beneath the working drawing, so that they could draw this frame so as to give a sense of perfect, dither-free motion.
In computer software, this effect is achieved by making frames (semi) transparent and projecting them on top of each other. Deluxe Paint was one of the earliest consumer programs to achieve this effect.
See also: CinePaint