Persia is a historical nation which is now known as Iran.
Teispes, a Persian chief conquered the Elamites in the waning years of the Assyrian Empire, establishing himself in the district of Anzan. His descendants branched off into two lines, one line ruling in Anzan, while the other remained in Persia.
Cyrus the Great, king of Anzan, finally united the divided power, conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylonia, and carried his arms into the far East. His son, Cambyses II, added Egypt to the empire, which, however, fell to pieces after his death. It was reconquered and thoroughly organized by Darius I, the son of Hystaspes, whose dominions extended from India to the Danube.
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At Masjid-al-Salaman in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East was made on May 26, 1908. The rights to the resource were quickly acquired by the United Kingdom, however.
Persia was renamed Iran on March 21, 1935, presumably after Aryan.