Ravenloft is primarily a Gothic horror setting. Dungeon Masters (DMs) are encouraged to use scenes that build apprehension and fear, culminating in the eventual face-to-face meeting with the nameless evil. Characters have a much greater significance attached to their acts, especially if they are morally impure, as they risk coming under the influence of the Dark Powers and gradually transforming themselves into a figure of evil, in the form of failed power checks.
Ravenloft began life as a standalone adventure module for first edition Advanced Dungeons and Dragons. It was popular enough to spawn a pick-a-path book, a sequel module, and in the early 90's was launched as a full-fledged campaign setting. The campaign setting was revised three times before TSR/Wizards of the Coast cancelled the line.
Currently Ravenloft is licensed to third-party publishers, who publish material compatible with the d20 System.
See also: List of Ravenloft domains