Rulers of Hanover

The Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg became the Electors of Hanover (Hannover is the German spelling) in 1692.

Table of contents

1 Electors of Hanover, 1692-1814 2 Kings of Hanover, 1814-1866 3 Heads of the Royal House of Hanover since 1866

Electors of Hanover, 1692-1814

• Ernest Augustus 1692-1698
• George I Louis 1698-1727
  • became in 1714 King George I of Great Britain
• George II Augustus 1727-1760
  • also King George II of Great Britain
• George III 1760-1814
  • also King George III of Great Britain (the United Kingdom from 1801)

In 1803, Hanover was occupied by France, and did not return to the control of its Elector until 1814. In the meanwhile, however, Hanoverian ministers continued to operate out of London, and maintained their own separate diplomatic service (which maintained links to countries like Austria and Prussia, with whom the United Kingdom itself was technically at war). In 1814, Hanover became a Kingdom.

Kings of Hanover, 1814-1866

• George III 1814-1820
• George IV 1820-1830
• William 1830-1837

The thrones of the United Kingdom and Hanover diverged in 1837 as Hanover, unlike the U.K., was under the Salic law, and so did not pass to Queen Victoria. Her uncle, the Duke of Cumberland, succeeded as

• Ernest I (or Ernst August I) 1837-1851
• George V 1851-1866

Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866 as a result of Hanover's participation on Austria's side in the Austro-Prussian (or Seven Weeks') War.

Heads of the Royal House of Hanover since 1866

• King George V 1866-1878
• Prince Ernst August (II), 3rd Duke of Cumberland 1878-1923
  • suspended as Duke of Cumberland, 1919
• Prince Ernst August (III) 1923-1953
  • Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg 1913-1918
• Prince Ernest August (IV) 1953-1987
• Prince Ernst August (V) 1987-present
  • Husband of Princess Caroline of Monaco

See also: House of Hanover