During the 1990s it was an ally of the Socialist Party of Serbia. Its leader, Vojislav Šešelj is awaiting trial at the Yugoslav War Crimes Tribunal at the Hague.
At the 2003 general elections, it picked up a plurality of seats and votes, with 27% share and 81 of 250 seats.
Its electoral success may be attributed to two factors: promising economic reforms to help people who are facing tough times, and perhaps picked up support from the Socialist Party of Serbia, whose share of the vote and seats actually dropped.