Shunt

In medicine, a shunt is a device designed to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from the brain and carry it to other parts of the body. A one-way valve is used, which usually sits outside the skull, but beneath the skin, somewhere behind the ear.

Although a shunt generally works well, it may stop working if it disconnects, becomes blocked, or it is outgrown. If this happens the cerebrospinal fluid will begin to accumulate again and a number of physical symptoms will develop, some extremely serious, like seizures.

The shunt failure rate is also relatively high and it is not uncommon for patients to have multiple shunt revisions within their lifetime.

The diagnosis of cerebro-spinal buildup is complex and requires expertise.

Spitz-Holter

A common pediatric shunt is the Spitz-Holter shunt, the designer of the valve John Holter was unable to save his son Casey but his design, the Spitz-Holter valve/shunt, has helped millions around the world since the late 1950s.