Lenin first came up with the term in his 1915 pamphlet, Socialism and War where he was particularly critical of figures such as the German Social-Democrat, Kautsky. At this stage Lenin and the Bolsheviks still called themselves Social-Democrats, they still being members of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, but Lenin's view that the Second International had failed devalued the term for him somewhat.
Lenin set out the objective that the Bolsheviks should seek a name change for their party in his April Theses of 1917 and eventaully they evolved into the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
See also chauvinism