Spherical harmonic
The
spherical harmonics are an orthogonal set of solutions to
Laplace's equation represented in a system of
spherical coordinates. The solutions are generally expressed in terms of
trigonometric functions and
Legendre polynomials.
Spherical harmonics are important in many theoretical and practical applications, particularly the computation of atomic electron configurations, and the approximation of the Earth's gravitational field and the geoid.
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