It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia, Cuenca, Guadalajara, and Zaragoza.
The capital is Teruel.
The area of the province is 14,809 km². Its population is 137,342 (2003), of whom about a quarter live in the capital, and its population density is 9.27/km². It contains 236 municipalities, of which more than half are villages of under 200 people. See List of municipalities in Teruel.
See also List of Aragonese comarcas.