The first major non-Jewish grammarian was John Reuchlin (16th century), but it was not until the early 19th century that Hebrew linguistics was studied on a secular, scientific level. The pioneer of this movement was Wilhelm Gesenius, who published thirteen editions of his Hebr�ische Grammatik. After Gesenius' death in 1842, the 14th through 21st editions were published by E. R�diger, and the 22nd through 28th editions were published by Emil Kautzsch. Many of these editions were translated into English; the 28th edition was done in 1910 by A. E. Cowley and is known today simply as Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar. This has become the standard Hebrew reference grammar in English even though it is obsolete.
The largest compendium of Hebrew grammatical material is E. K�nig's Historisch-Kritisches Lehrgeb�ude der Hebr�ischen Sprache (1881-97).
Paul Jo�on's Grammaire de l'h�breu biblique (1923) was recently edited and translated into English by T. Muraoka as A Grammar of Biblical Hebrew (1991). Muraoka made this into the most complete and up-to-date reference grammar. Also quite modern is Rudolf Meyer's Hebr�ische Grammatik (1966-72), but it is not quite as thorough as Jo�on-Muraoka. Of note as well is Mayer Lambert's Trait� de grammaire h�bra�que (1931).
The most thorough, well-organized, and analytically incisive Hebrew grammar is the 29th edition of Gesenius' grammar by Gotthelf Bergstr�sser. However, the author only managed to complete the sections on Phonology (1918) and the Verb (1929) before his untimely death. Although other grammars are more current, Bergstr�sser's is unsurpassed due to its depth and insight. Another excellent grammar is Hans Bauer and Pontus Leander's Historische Grammatik der Hebr�ischen Sprache des Alten Testaments (1917-22) although it, too, lacks syntax. Neither grammar has been translated into English, although Bergstr�sser's has been translated into Hebrew (Jerusalem, 1972).
Finally, one must note the contributions, in recent years, of Israeli scholars to the field of Hebrew linguistics, most notably Naftali Herz Tur-Sinai, Chaim Rabin, E. Y. Kutscher, Shelomo Morag and Joshua Blau.