Titan I missile
The Titan I was the
United States' first true
multistage ICBM. The program began in January
1955 and took shape in parallel with the
Atlas (SM-65/HGM-25) intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM). The
Air Force's goal in launching the Titan program was twofold: one, to serve as a backup should Atlas fail; and two, to develop a large, two-stage missile with a longer range and bigger payload that also could serve as a booster for space flights. Produced by the Glenn L. Martin Company, Titan I was a two-stage, liquid-fueled, rocket-powered missile. Like Atlas, it had a liquid cryogenic fuel system, which was a severe drawback. The first stage delivered 300,000 pounds of thrust; the second stage 80,000 pounds. The missile utilizes both radio and all-inertial guidance. Deployed in a "hard" silo, it had to be raised to surface by a special launcher for firing. The Titan I had an effective range of 5,500 nautical miles. As each stage was fired, its engines and fuel tanks dropped away, thereby decreasing the weight and mass of the vehicle. That made for a more efficient missile, which resulted in increased range and a larger payload.
When the storable fueled Titan II and the solid fueled Minuteman I were
deployed in 1963, the Titan I and Atlas missiles became obsolete. They
were retired from service as ICBM's in early 1965.
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Titan 1 Specifications:
Liftoff thrust: 132,140 kgf. Total mass: 105,142 kg.
Core diameter: 3.1 m. Total length: 31.0 m.
Development Cost: $ 1,643,300,000.00 in 1960 Dollars.
Flyaway cost: $ 1,500,000.00 each, in 1962 Dollars.
Total development missiles built: 47. Total missiles fired: 68.
Total production missiles built: 108. Total deployed missiles: 54.
Titan 1 First Stage:
Gross mass: 76,203 kg. Empty mass: 4,000kg. Thrust (vac): 149,685 kgf. Isp (vac): 290 sec. Isp (sea level): 256 sec.
Burn time: 138 seconds. Diameter: 3.1 m. Span: 3.1 m.
Length: 16.0 m. Propellants: Liquid Oxygen (Lox) / Kerosene.
Number of engines: Two - LR-87-3.
Titan 1 Second Stage:
Gross mass: 28,939 kg. Empty mass: 1,725 kg. Thrust (vac):
36,288 kgf. Isp (vac): 308 sec. Isp (sea level): 210 sec.
Burn time: 225 seconds. Diameter: 2.3 m. Span: 2.3 m.
Length: 9.8 m. Propellants: Liquid Oxygen (Lox) / Kerosene.
Number of engines: One - LR-91-3.
Titan 1 ICBM Complex - Beale AFB - Lincoln, CA site - April 1962. B-52 bomber flyby for the movie, "A Gathering of Eagles", which was filmed at Beale AFB.
Titan 1 ICBM Underground Silo Complex