Tampico and Veracruz, on the Gulf of Mexico, are Mexico's two primary seaports. Recognizing that the low productivity of Mexico's 108 ports poses a threat to trade development, the government has steadily been privatizing port operations to improve their efficiency. A number of international airlines serve Mexico, with direct or connecting flights from most major cities in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, and Latin America. Most Mexican regional capitals and resorts have direct air services to Mexico City or the United States. Airport privatization, based on Mexico's successful experience with seaports, is nearly complete.
Railways:
total:
31,048 km
standard gauge:
30,958 km 1.435-m gauge (246 km electrified)
narrow gauge:
90 km 0.914-m gauge (1998 est.)
City with underground railway system: Mexico City (El Metro).
Highways:
total:
323,977 km
paved:
96,221 km (including 6,335 km of expressways)
unpaved:
227,756 km (1997 est.)
Waterways: 2,900 km navigable rivers and coastal canals
Pipelines: crude oil 28,200 km; petroleum products 10,150 km; natural gas 13,254 km; petrochemical 1,400 km
Ports and harbors: Acapulco, Altamira, Coatzacoalcos, Ensenada, Guaymas, La Paz, Lazaro Cardenas, Manzanillo, Mazatlan, Progreso, Salina Cruz, Tampico, Topolobampo, Tuxpan, Veracruz
Merchant marine:
total:
46 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 633,219 GRT/970,947 DWT
ships by type:
bulk 2, cargo 1, chemical tanker 4, liquified gas 4, petroleum tanker 29, roll-on/roll-off 3, short-sea passenger 3 (1999 est.)
Airports: 1,806 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total:
233
over 3,047 m:
10
2,438 to 3,047 m:
28
1,524 to 2,437 m:
87
914 to 1,523 m:
81
under 914 m:
27 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total:
1,573
over 3,047 m:
1
2,438 to 3,047 m:
1
1,524 to 2,437 m:
63
914 to 1,523 m:
473
under 914 m:
1,035 (1999 est.)
General Abelardo L. Rodriguez International Airport in Tijuana is the country's northernmost airport.
National airlines: (Mexico has two flag carriers instead of one as most countries do)
Heliports: 2 (1999 est.)
