Voskhod rocket
The
Voskhod rocket (Russian: Восход, translated as
"Sunrise") was a derivative of the
Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the
human spaceflight programme but later used for launching Zenit
spy satellites. It combined the R-7 with an upper stage that had been originally designed to launch interplanetary probes.
There was only one main variant of the Voskhod, designated 11A57. Between 1963 and 1976 it was used for some 300 launches.