History of Animation

This article is the top of the History of Animation series.

Animation Before Hollywood: The Silent Period

Hollywood Animation: The Golden Age

Hollywood Animation: The TV Era

Hollywood Animation: The Renaissance

The history of film animation begins with the earliest days of silent film and continues through the present day.

The firsts animated cartoon was from french Émile Reynaud, that created praxynoscope, animation system of 12 pictures, and films of about 500 pictures, projected on its own théatre optique, system near from modern film projector, at Musée Grévin in Paris, France, the october 28, 1892.

The first animated cartoon on standard picture film was Fantasmagorie by the French director Émile Courtet (also called Émile Cohl), projected for the first time August 17, 1908 at 'Théâtre du Gymnase', in Paris. Émile Courtet went to Fort Lee, New York near New York City in 1912, where he worked for French studio Éclair and spead its technique in the US.

The first animated feature-length film was El Apóstol (1917) from Argentine Quirino Cristiani, shown in Argentina.

The second animated feature film was The Adventures of Prince Achmed (1926) from German Lotte Reiniger and French/Hungarian Berthold Bartosch.

Table of contents

1 Animation History: Americas 1.1 Animation History: Argentina 1.2 Animation History: Canada 1.3 Animation History: United States 2 Animation History: Europe 2.4 Animation History: France 2.5 Animation History: Italy 2.6 Animation History: Russia 2.7 Animation History: Yugoslavia 3 Animation History: Asia 3.8 Animation History: China 3.9 Animation History: Japan

Animation History: Americas

Animation History: Argentina

• First Long feature film animated cartoon.

Animation History: Canada

Animation History: United States

• Beginning of industrial production of animated cartoon.

Because the history of Hollywood animation as an art form has undergone many changes in its hundred-year history, Wikipedia presents four separate chapters in the development of its animation:

Animation Before Hollywood: The Silent Period (1900s through 1920s)

• The beginnings of theatricathe earliestl animated cartoons in the era of silent film, ranging from the works of Winsor McCay through Koko the Clown and Felix the Cat

Hollywood Animation: The Golden Age (1930s and 1940s)

• The dominance of Walt Disney throughout the 1930s

The rise of Warner Bros and MGM

The departure from realism, and UPA

Hollywood Animation: The TV Era (1950s through 1980s)

• The emergence of TV animated series from Hanna-Barbera Productions

The decline of theatrical cartoons and feature films

Saturday morning cartoons

The attempts at reviving animated features through the 1960s and 1970s

The onslaught of commercial cartoons in the 1980s

Hollywood Animation: The Renaissance (1990s to present)

• Who Framed Roger Rabbit and the return of Disney

Steven Spielberg's collaborations with Warner Bros

A flood of newer, bolder animation studios

The Simpsons, South Park, and animation for adults

The mainstream popularization of anime

The rise of computer animation

The decline of Saturday morning cartoons, the rise of Nickelodeon and Cartoon Network

Animation History: Europe

• Animation before film in XIXe century.

Animation History: France

• 1908-1925, Work of Émile Courtet:

The first animated cartoon (1908), and most animation techniques: (morphing (1909), puppet animation and color animated cartoon (1910), pixilation (1911), first animated series (Le chien Flambeau, 1917).

Animation History: Italy

• The 1970 Italian animated cartoon art and industry (La Linéa, Caliméro...)

Animation History: Russia

• Masters of Russian animation

Animation History: Yugoslavia

• The Zagreb school

Animation History: Asia

• Shadow animation around Asia (VIe century)

Animation History: China

• Wan brothers since 1926 and the fourth long feature animated cartoon film, Princess Iron Fan inspired from Journey in west.

Animation History: Japan

• Anime from manga