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Spermatophyta

Spermatophyta, Spermatopsida is the traditional seed-plant division of the kingdom Plantae.

A more traditional classification groups all the seed plants together as follows:

A more modern classification splits these groups into individual divisions:

There are some botanists who believe that the Magnoliopsida is actually polyphyletic; that is, that it should be split into at least two other classes.