The party was founded in 1869. It succeeded in getting many communities and a number of states to outlaw the production and sale of intoxicating beverages. The party's greatest success was in 1919, with the passage of the 18th Amendment to the United States Constitution, that outlawed the production, sale, transportation, import, and export of alcohol. The era of illegal alcohol in the USA is generally known as "Prohibition". The enactment of national prohibition took away the party's main issue and the party declined in importance. The "Prohibition" era saw the rise of "Speakeasies, bootleggers, and a great growth of organized crime. By the start of the Great Depression the cause of prohibition was considered discredited by much of the public. National prohibition was repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933. While hardline prohibitionists objected, the US Prohibition Party declined into insignificance.
From 1977 to 1980 the party was called the National Statesman Party. The party still exists today, although its following is small.